There is a lot of information out there and somehow not always the kind that actually helps in the moment. This is your no-pressure, no-jargon guide to the terms you will hear most often, explained simply and clearly with real-life understanding in mind.
ABA (Applied Behavior Analysis)
A therapy that helps children learn skills and reduce behaviors that make daily life harder. It focuses on breaking things into small, manageable steps, like learning how to ask for help instead of becoming overwhelmed.
BCBA (Board Certified Behavior Analyst)
A specialist who designs and oversees ABA therapy programs. They create the plan, track progress, and adjust strategies based on what is working for the child.
RBT (Registered Behavior Technician)
The person who works directly with your child during ABA sessions. They help teach skills, practice routines, and support your child day to day.
ASD (Autism Spectrum Disorder)
A developmental difference that affects communication, behavior, and how someone experiences the world. It is called a spectrum because every child is different.
ADHD (Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder)
A condition that impacts attention, impulse control, and energy levels. It can look like difficulty focusing, acting quickly without thinking, or struggling to stay organized.
AUD (Auditory Processing Disorder)
A condition where the ears hear normally, but the brain has trouble processing what is heard. A child may hear instructions but not fully understand or retain them.
IEP (Individualized Education Program)
A legal plan created by a school to support a child’s unique learning needs. It can include services, accommodations, and specific learning goals.
504 Plan
A school support plan that provides accommodations to help a child succeed in the classroom, such as extra time on tests or movement breaks.
SLP (Speech-Language Pathologist)
A therapist who helps with communication skills. This can include speaking, understanding language, social communication, or using alternative ways to communicate.
OT (Occupational Therapy)
Therapy that focuses on everyday life skills such as writing, getting dressed, eating, and managing sensory challenges.
PT (Physical Therapy)
Therapy that helps with movement, strength, balance, and coordination.
Sensory Processing
The way the brain receives and responds to input like sound, touch, light, and movement. Some children may be more sensitive to these inputs, while others may seek more of them.
Stimming (Self-Stimulatory Behavior)
Repetitive movements or sounds such as hand flapping, rocking, or humming. These behaviors can help with calming, focus, or expressing emotions.
Neurodiversity
The idea that differences in how the brain works, including autism and ADHD, are natural variations and not something that needs to be fixed.
Meltdown vs Tantrum
A meltdown is an involuntary response to feeling overwhelmed and is not within the child’s control. A tantrum is usually goal-driven and happens when a child is trying to get something they want.
Elopement
When a child leaves a safe space unexpectedly or wanders away. This is a safety concern and not simply misbehavior.
Social Stories
Short, simple stories that help children understand situations, routines, or expectations ahead of time.
Masking
When someone hides their natural behaviors in order to fit in socially. This can take a lot of effort and can be exhausting.
Executive Functioning
The brain’s ability to plan, organize, remember, and complete tasks. These skills help with managing daily life.
Co-Regulation
When a calm adult helps a child manage and regulate their emotions. Children often learn to self-regulate by first experiencing co-regulation.
Special Interests
Deep and focused passions that bring joy and comfort. These interests can also be a strength and a way to connect with others.
AAC (Augmentative and Alternative Communication)
Methods of communication other than speech, such as devices, picture boards, or apps that help a child express themselves.
Inclusion
Creating spaces where all children are able to participate, feel welcomed, and truly belong.
Neurotypical
A term used to describe individuals whose brain development and behavior are considered typical by societal standards